Exploring NordVPN: Server Functionality & Advantages
Overview of Cyber Security Threats
In today's digital age, cybersecurity threats are more prevalent than ever. As individuals increasingly rely on the internet for a wide variety of activities, from shopping to banking, understanding these threats becomes essential for protecting personal information and privacy. Various types of cyber threats exist, and they can have serious implications for users.
Types of cyber threats
- Malware: Malicious software designed to harm or exploit any device. This includes viruses, worms, Trojans, and more.
- Phishing: A tactic used by attackers to deceive individuals into providing sensitive information like usernames and passwords through fraudulent emails or websites.
- Ransomware: A type of malware that locks or encrypts a victim's data and demands a ransom for access.
Statistics on cyber attacks
Recent studies indicate alarming numbers regarding cyber attacks. For example, it is estimated that one in three Americans was affected by some form of identity theft in 2021. Moreover, businesses face a cyber attack every 11 seconds on average, severely impacting their operations and trustworthiness.
Real-life examples of security breaches
In 2017, the Equifax breach exposed the personal information of 147 million Americans, including social security numbers and credit card details. Another significant incident was the WannaCry ransomware attack, which affected over 230,000 computers across 150 countries, highlighting the pervasive nature of cyber threats.
Best Practices for Online Security
To reduce the risk of falling victim to these threats, individuals must adopt effective online security measures. Here are some best practices:
- Strong password creation and management techniques: Use complex and unique passwords for different accounts. Consider utilizing a password manager for easier management.
- Regular software updates and patches: Ensure that all software and applications are up to date to protect against vulnerabilities.
- Two-factor authentication implementation: Adding an extra layer of security can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access.
Reviews of Security Tools
Assessing the effectiveness of various security tools is crucial for ensuring online safety. Here are a few considerations:
- Evaluation of antivirus software effectiveness: Programs like Norton and Bitdefender provide good protection, but evaluate their performance against emerging threats.
- Comparison of firewall protection: A robust firewall protects against unauthorized access. Look into options like ZoneAlarm or Comodo for effective coverage.
- Assessment of password managers: Consider LastPass and Dashlane for their encryption technology and ease of use.
Tips for Ensuring Online Privacy
Using a VPN service like NordVPN is a fundamental strategy for enhancing online privacy. Not only does it encrypt internet traffic but it also helps mask your IP address.
- Importance of using VPNs for secure browsing: A VPN protects user data from prying eyes and unsecured networks.
- Review privacy settings on social media platforms: Make sure the data you share is within your control by adjusting settings on platforms like Facebook.
- Protecting personal data when making online transactions: Always look for HTTPS in the website URL, indicating a secure connection.
Educational Resources and Guides
Equipping oneself with knowledge on cybersecurity is vital. Here are some resources to explore:
- How-to articles on setting up encryption tools: Tutorials available on websites can provide detailed guidance for users.
- Step-by-step guides on spotting phishing emails: Resources from institutions like the FBI or cybersecurity firms can be invaluable.
- Cheat sheets for quickly enhancing online security practices: Simple lists can serve as reminders to stay vigilant in protecting oneself online.
"The best defense against cyber threats is informed vigilance and proactive engagement with security strategies."
By integrating knowledge of the nature and types of cybersecurity threats, alongside robust security practices, individuals can fortify their online presence and mitigate the likelihood of security breaches.
Understanding VPN Technology
The significance of understanding VPN technology lies in its capacity to protect users in an increasingly connected world. A Virtual Private Network, or VPN, acts as a secure tunnel between a user's device and the internet. This technology encrypts internet traffic and masks the user's IP address, which can help maintain privacy online. As data breaches and privacy concerns grow, comprehension of how VPNs work becomes essential for anyone looking to enhance their online security.
What is a VPN?
A VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. It is a service that encrypts your internet connection and hides your online activity. When you connect to a VPN, your internet traffic is routed through a secure server, making it difficult for outsiders to see what you are doing online. This is particularly important for users who want to protect sensitive information or enjoy a greater sense of anonymity.
How VPNs Enhance Online Security
VPNs bolster online security in several ways. Firstly, they encrypt data transfers, which makes it nearly impossible for hackers to access your information while it is in transit. Secondly, by masking your IP address, VPNs prevent your browsing habits from being tracked by ISPs or any external parties. Finally, using public Wi-Fi networks poses severe risks to data security. A VPN minimizes these risks by safeguarding your connection.
Types of VPN Protocols
There are different protocols that define how VPN data is transmitted. Each protocol offers distinct features. Understanding these is key to making informed choices about using VPNs.
OpenVPN
OpenVPN is one of the most widely used VPN protocols, known for its strong security features. It employs SSL/TLS for key exchange, making it both versatile and reliable. OpenVPN is popular among VPN services, including NordVPN, due to its adaptability, high performance, and ability to traverse firewalls. It supports multiple encryption methods, which provides users with enhanced security and is often promoted for being open-source, allowing for continuous scrutiny and improvement.
IKEv2/IPSec
IKEv2/IPSec combines the Internet Key Exchange version 2 with the IPSec protocol to provide an efficient and secure connection. It is favored for its fast reconnection capabilities, especially on mobile devices that switch between networks. The robustness of IKEv2/IPSec helps maintain stable connections and offers a good balance of speed and security. However, it may be less effective in countries where VPN use is restricted.
L2TP/IPSec
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol, when combined with IPSec, offers a secure VPN option by creating a double encapsulation of data. Even though L2TP/IPSec is more secure than PPTP, it does not provide encryption on its own. It is often used in conjunction with IPSec to enhance security. One downside is that L2TP/IPSec may be slower than some other methods because of the double encapsulation process.
PPTP
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol is one of the oldest VPN protocols available. Its primary advantage is speed; however, it is considered insecure compared to newer protocols. PPTP is easier to set up than many other VPN protocols, making it still popular among non-technical users. However, due to its vulnerabilities, it is not recommended for anyone requiring a high-security standard.
NordVPN Overview
NordVPN serves as a significant component in the landscape of virtual private networks, emphasizing not only the functionality of its servers but also the broader implications for online security and privacy. Understanding the nuances of NordVPN helps users make informed decisions about their digital safety. It combines an extensive server network with features designed to protect user data.
Company Background
NordVPN was established in 2012. The company is based in Panama, which has favorable privacy laws. This location helps the service maintain a no-logs policy, ensuring that user data remains confidential. The VPN market has grown extensively, but NordVPN has garnered a strong reputation among consumers. Its commitment to privacy is reflected in its transparent operations and the effectiveness of its services. Users can trust that NordVPN operates with integrity, providing a dependable option for enhancing online security.
Service Features
NordVPN stands out in the crowded VPN market due to its extensive array of features. These features cater to users with varying needs, from basic privacy to specialized functionalities.
No-logs policy
NordVPN's no-logs policy means that it does not track or store user activity while using the service. This fundamental aspect has become increasingly relevant in today’s digital landscape, where data privacy is a pressing concern. The no-logs policy ensures that there is no evidence of user behavior, providing a more secure browsing experience. This characteristic attracts those who prioritize privacy, making it a popular choice among users.
Advantages of the no-logs policy include enhanced anonymity while surfing the web. However, it is also important to recognize that users must assess whether no-logs policies align with their own privacy expectations.
Kill switch
The kill switch feature is crucial for maintaining security. Essentially, it acts as a protective barrier that disconnects internet access if the VPN server fails. This ensures that users’ real IP addresses remain hidden even during unexpected disconnections. The kill switch feature enhances the security of a user’s data while navigating potentially unsafe networks. Its effectiveness in protecting user identity establishes its position as a vital tool for those concerned about maintaining privacy online.
A potential disadvantage is that if the user is unaware of the kill switch, they may face interruptions in their internet use. However, this is typically outweighed by the benefits of data protection.
DNS leak protection
DNS leak protection is another feature that strengthens online security. This technology prevents DNS requests from being exposed to the internet service provider, which could compromise user anonymity. It securely reroutes DNS queries through the VPN tunnel, ensuring that browsing history remains private. Users benefit from enhanced privacy with minimized risk of data leakage. This characteristic positions NordVPN favorably in the marketplace, especially for security-conscious users.
Like any feature, there are challenges. If enabled incorrectly, users might experience issues in connectivity. Understanding how to properly utilize DNS leak protection is essential for maximizing its benefits.
User Base and Demographics
NordVPN appeals to a diverse range of users, all of whom prioritize online security and privacy in their digital lives. Its user base includes individuals from various demographics such as students, professionals, and tech-savvy individuals. The growing awareness of data privacy continues to attract new users. Furthermore, users interested in streaming content also turn to NordVPN for its ability to bypass geo-restrictions, which underscores the versatility of the service. This blend of users underscores the importance of NordVPN in the broader context of online safety and security.
NordVPN's Server Network
NordVPN's server network plays a crucial role in the overall functionality and benefit of its VPN services. A comprehensive server network enhances user experience through various factors such as speed, accessibility, and options tailored to individual needs. Understanding the specifics of this network can help users make informed decisions about their internet security and privacy. Below we discuss the key components of the server network offered by NordVPN.
Geographic Reach
Number of servers
NordVPN boasts a large number of servers worldwide. The availability of over 5,400 servers offers users extensive choices when connecting. This multitude ensures that users have access to various locations that can aid in maintaining consistent speeds and stability. Additionally, with more servers, the load is more distributed, which can minimize congestion during peak usage. The key characteristic of this large server count is versatility. Users can connect to different locations depending on their specific requirements. However, while this is advantageous, one must consider that not all servers may be optimal at all times depending on the location and other factors.
Global distribution
The global distribution of NordVPN's servers is another significant aspect. With servers spread across numerous countries, users can effectively bypass geo-restrictions imposed by various services. This characteristic allows for accessing a wider array of content. Each region might have unique benefits, and users can pick servers located in countries with favorable internet regulations. However, one downside could be the inconsistent performance based on regional internet infrastructure. It is essential to select a region known for its reliability which can indeed vary from one server to another.
Regional performance
Regional performance examines how servers in different areas perform under different conditions. For NordVPN, some regions experience higher traffic or better infrastructure than others. Choosing a server in a well-performing region could result in faster connection speeds and more reliable service. Understanding which regions consistently deliver higher performance allows users to optimize their experience. While some areas may be excellent for speed, others could have limited options or slower connections. Thus, strategic server selection based on regional performance becomes necessary.
Types of Servers Offered
Dedicated IP
Dedicated IP is a specific type of service offered by NordVPN. When users choose a dedicated IP, they gain a unique address not shared with others, which can enhance security for tasks like online banking. This feature is beneficial for users requiring a consistent IP for site access without frequent disruptions. The downside is the additional cost associated with this service. It might be more appealing for business users than for typical private users needing standard features.
Obfuscated servers
Obfuscated servers serve a unique function in NordVPN's portfolio, designed specifically for users in restrictive regions. These servers mask the fact that you are using a VPN, allowing users to maintain access in places where VPN traffic is blocked. This feature is key for maintaining privacy and unrestricted access to the internet. However, users who do not face such restrictions might find this feature unnecessary, as it could potentially reduce speed due to added complexity.
P2P servers
P2P servers are dedicated to users who engage in peer-to-peer file sharing. These servers are optimized for speed and stability, which are essential for smooth downloads. They allow torrenting with added safety, guided by the no-logs policy of NordVPN. The advantage is clearer: users can share files securely while maintaining anonymity. The drawback could be related to bandwidth restrictions imposed by some internet service providers, which can affect performance.
Server Load and Performance
Server load and performance are crucial factors when selecting a VPN server. Understanding how these elements function contributes to the user's overall internet experience. A server under high load may exhibit slow speeds and unreliable connections. Therefore, NordVPN manages server load smartly by directing users to less crowded servers when available. This built-in optimization aims to ensure users have the best performance possible regardless of the time of day or demand across the network. Monitoring these metrics helps users choose servers that align with their performance needs, thereby maximizing their online activities.
"A well-structured server network provides a pathway for enhanced online privacy and security, essential for modern internet users."
Choosing the Right Server
Selecting the appropriate server when using NordVPN can significantly influence your online experience. It is crucial to understand that each server offers distinct advantages depending on your needs. Factors like usage purpose, geographical preferences, and speed requirements play essential roles in this process. Making an informed decision on your server can enhance your security, maintain your privacy, and optimize your internet usage.
Factors to Consider
Purpose of use
The primary consideration when choosing a server is the purpose of use. This aspect determines how you will utilize the VPN. Whether for anonymity, accessing content from specific regions, or secure browsing, your purpose guides your server selection. The key characteristic here is the functionality. Users looking for privacy may opt for servers that ensure maximum anonymity, such as those that do not log user data.
For streaming purposes, dedicated servers for certain services could provide better experiences. However, it may be important to note that specialized servers might have limitations, such as geographical restrictions. Understanding your purpose can help you select a server that aligns with your needs and expectations.
Location preferences
Location preferences refer to the geographical area from which you want to appear to be accessing the internet. This feature is essential for many users wanting to access geo-restricted content. For instance, if someone wants to watch Netflix content available in the United States, selecting a server located in the U.S. is likely necessary.
A significant characteristic is the range of servers available in different countries. The unique feature of NordVPN is its expansive network, offering thousands of servers across multiple regions. However, choosing a server far from your physical location can impact speed, which is a disadvantage if quick access is critical for your tasks.
Speed requirements
Understanding speed requirements is vital since VPN usage can sometimes reduce connection speeds. This aspect incorporates how much bandwidth you need for activities like streaming or gaming. A significant characteristic of NordVPN is its capability to offer high-speed connections, especially on optimized servers designed for specific use cases.
If your needs entail streaming or gaming, you may prioritize speed over other factors. Utilizing specialized servers designated for these activities often yields better performance. However, you must balance speed against your other requirements. A server that is fast may not be as secure. Hence, assessing your speed requirements while keeping security in mind is critical.
Testing Server Speed and Reliability
To ensure that you are getting the most out of your chosen server, testing its speed and reliability is necessary. Techniques such as using speed test tools can measure connection quality and evaluate performance. Reliable servers maintain steadier speeds and lower latency, enhancing your overall online experience. Regular testing can reveal server performance trends, which can be beneficial when switching to alternative options.
Being proactive in testing can help users optimize their connections and enhance their online activities.
Data Security with NordVPN
Data security has become a paramount concern in the digital age. With the increasing sophistication of cyber threats, individuals must prioritize safeguarding their online presence. NordVPN integrates various elements to ensure a high level of data security for its users. From encryption protocols to privacy safeguards, understanding these components can help users maximize their safety while using the service.
Encryption Standards
Encryption is a pivotal aspect of any Virtual Private Network (VPN), and NordVPN employs strong encryption standards to protect user data. The service primarily uses AES-256 bit encryption, a robust algorithm that has withstood rigorous scrutiny. This level of encryption is considered the gold standard for data protection and is used by governments and security agencies.
When data is transmitted over NordVPN, it is wrapped in a layer of security that renders it unreadable to any unauthorized entities. In addition to AES, NordVPN supports various protocols like OpenVPN and IKEv2/IPSec which further bolster its encryption capabilities. The combination of strong algorithms and secure protocols ensures that user data remains private.
Protecting User Data
In today's world, personal information is a valuable commodity. NordVPN's no-logs policy is designed to protect users by ensuring that their online activities are not tracked or recorded. This means that NordVPN does not store any information about what users do while connected to its servers. As a result, even if authorities request data, there is none to provide, making it significantly more challenging to trace a user’s online behavior.
Furthermore, NordVPN implements advanced features like DNS leak protection and obfuscated servers. DNS leak protection ensures that your browsing activity is always private, even when accessing seemingly secure websites. Obfuscated servers, on the other hand, are particularly useful in regions with strict internet censorship. They mask the user's VPN usage, creating an additional layer of anonymity.
Kill Switch Functionality
The Kill Switch feature is another vital component of NordVPN’s data security framework. This feature serves as an automatic safety net for users. In the event that the VPN connection drops unexpectedly, the Kill Switch will immediately halt all internet traffic. This ensures that sensitive information is not exposed unintentionally to the public internet.
By preventing any data from leaking during a connection failure, the Kill Switch guarantees that users remain safe even in unstable network conditions. This feature can be particularly crucial for individuals handling sensitive information or those who must maintain anonymity online.
In summary, NordVPN takes data security seriously. By incorporating strong encryption standards, a strict no-logs policy, and essential features like DNS leak protection and Kill Switch, users can trust that their online activities are secure.
NordVPN for Streaming
NordVPN's streaming capabilities play a crucial role in its overall offering, particularly for users seeking unrestricted access to various content globally. Many streaming services impose regional restrictions, limiting the audience for their libraries to specifc countries. This is when NordVPN becomes invaluable, as it allows users to bypass these geo-restrictions. With a vast server network, NordVPN provides users with numerous options for connecting to different regions, effectively making content from various parts of the world accessible. This section aims to elucidate how NordVPN enhances streaming experiences and the considerations involved.
Accessing Geo-Restricted Content
Accessing geo-restricted content can be a frustrating endeavor for many users. Streaming platforms may block content based on geographical location, which results in a lack of diversity in available content. By using NordVPN, individuals can select a server location in the desired country, allowing them to access websites and streaming services as if they were physically present in that region. This is particularly useful for avid streamers who wish to enjoy exclusive shows or movies that are unavailable in their location.
The capabilities of NordVPN in this area are particularly effective because of its vast network of servers located in numerous countries. Users can switch between servers seamlessly, giving them flexibility and options. For example, a user wanting to watch a specific show on Netflix, only available in the US, can easily connect to a U.S. server with just a few clicks. The process is straightforward and does not require any technical expertise.
Compatibility with Streaming Services
NordVPN is compatible with numerous popular streaming services, making it a versatile choice for users. Among them are:
Netflix
Netflix's global popularity stems from its vast selection of shows and movies, with many exclusive titles. The geo-restrictions that are common on Netflix often leave users frustrated at not being able to access certain content. NordVPN effectively allows users to bypass these restrictions by connecting to servers in various countries where that content is available. A standout feature of Netflix is its ability to offer high-quality streaming. NordVPN ensures that users maintain a fast connection, minimizing buffering times. However, some users experience issues with Netflix's anti-VPN measures, so it's crucial to use a dedicated streaming server provided by NordVPN for optimal performance.
Hulu
Hulu offers a diverse range of streaming options, including live TV and original content. Users value Hulu for its extensive library and the unique aspect of combining on-demand services with live television. While Hulu is primarily accessible within the U.S., using NordVPN allows international users the option to access this service. However, Hulu has shown sophisticated anti-VPN technology, meaning users sometimes need to switch servers multiple times to find one that works effectively. Despite this, the benefits of using NordVPN for Hulu access are noteworthy for users wanting to enjoy a broader selection of content.
BBC iPlayer
BBC iPlayer is well-known for its vast array of British television content, including popular series, documentaries, and live events. This service is geographically restricted to the UK, making it off-limits for international viewers. NordVPN enables users outside the UK to connect to UK servers, granting them access to BBC iPlayer as if they were residents. One significant benefit of BBC iPlayer is that it provides free access to a wealth of programming. However, like other services, BBC iPlayer has stringent regulations against VPN usage, so users must ensure they are using a reliable and efficient server through NordVPN to avoid disruptions.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Addressing issues that may arise while using NordVPN is vital for maintaining a seamless online experience. Users often face challenges with connectivity and performance. Understanding these potential problems is crucial for anyone who is intent on utilizing this service effectively. When issues appear, they can hinder the benefits of security and privacy that a VPN provides. Hence, knowing how to troubleshoot these issues can ensure uninterrupted access to the internet and safeguard user data.
Connection Problems
Connection issues are common and can frustrate users attempting to establish a secure link through NordVPN. Several factors may contribute to these disruptions:
- Server Selection: Choosing a server that is overloaded or far away can lead to connection difficulties. Users should pick a server that is not only geographically close but also has an optimal load.
- Network Configuration: Sometimes, issues with router settings or local network policies can block VPN connections. It is advisable to check that the proper ports are open and that your firewall does not interfere with the VPN client.
- ISP Restrictions: Internet Service Providers may impose restrictions on VPN traffic, leading to interrupted connections. Awareness of such restrictions can guide users in finding solutions such as trying different protocols.
To address connection problems, users can follow these steps:
- Restart the VPN application. This can clear out temporary glitches.
- Switch servers. Trying a different server often resolves connection issues.
- Change VPN protocols by navigating to the settings in the application and selecting a different protocol, such as OpenVPN or IKEv2/IPSec.
Users can also consult forums or resources like Reddit to find solutions from other users who have faced similar problems.
Slow Speeds
Slow internet speeds while using NordVPN can compromise user experience. Several factors can contribute to this reduction in performance:
- Distance to Server: The further a user is from the connected server, the more latency can occur, resulting in slow speed.
- Server Load: Connecting to a heavily used server can slow down speeds. Opting for a less crowded server may yield better results.
- Internet Connection Quality: The user's base internet speed plays a significant role. If the basic connection is slow, the VPN will likely struggle to maintain fast speeds.
To enhance speed performance, users may consider:
- Selecting a high-performance server, preferably one designated explicitly for streaming or optimized for speed.
- Disabling any unnecessary applications that consume bandwidth while connected to the VPN.
- Using a wired connection instead of Wi-Fi, which can offer more stability and higher speeds.
It's important to remember that some speed loss is normal when using a VPN, but drastic reductions should be addressed promptly. Regular checks of internet speed with and without the VPN can provide insight into performance issues.
Pricing and Subscription Options
Understanding the Pricing and Subscription Options of NordVPN is critical when evaluating its overall value in the marketplace. A good VPN should not compromise on security or functionality while still being accessible to a wide range of users. In this section, we will explore the different plans offered by NordVPN and how the pricing structure affects potential subscribers.
Plans Overview
NordVPN offers several subscription plans to cater to different needs. Each plan varies in its duration and associated costs, with discounts littered throughout longer commitments. Commonly, these plans include:
- Monthly Plan: This is the most flexible option, allowing users to subscribe on a month-to-month basis. However, it is often the most expensive per month.
- Yearly Plan: This plan provides significant savings when compared to the monthly option, appealing to those looking for long-term solutions without the hassle of frequent renewals.
- Two-Year Plan: By committing for two years, users can enjoy an even greater price reduction. This plan often comes with promotional discounts, making it an attractive choice for those serious about long-term VPN usage.
The value of NordVPN also comes from features included in these plans, such as unlimited bandwidth, access to a large server network, and robust security protocols, contributing to an overall positive user experience.
Money-Back Guarantee and Trials
NordVPN stands behind its service with a clear money-back guarantee. Users can try the service risk-free for 30 days. If they are not satisfied, a full refund can be requested. This policy demonstrates the company's confidence in its product while allowing users to assess how well it meets their needs.
- Risk-Free Trial: The 30-day window allows users to explore all features without financial commitment. This is especially beneficial for new users hesitant about investing in a VPN service.
- Easy Cancellation: The process for requesting a refund is straightforward, adding another layer of consumer protection and trust.
"A clear understanding of pricing can pave the way for better security decisions online."
End
The conclusion of this article serves as a reflection on the multifaceted nature of NordVPN's server functionality and the numerous benefits it offers to users. Understanding the intricacies of VPN technology, particularly how NordVPN operates its extensive server network, allows individuals to make informed choices regarding their online security and privacy.
Summarizing Benefits
NordVPN provides a robust set of features that significantly enhance user safety and experience. Key benefits include:
- Global Accessibility: With a vast number of servers spread across multiple countries, NordVPN enables access to geo-restricted content, ensuring a seamless browsing experience.
- Enhanced Security: Employing high encryption standards, NordVPN safeguards user data from potential threats. This security is complemented by features like the kill switch and DNS leak protection, providing additional layers of safety.
- User Friendly: The interface is intuitive, catering to both beginners and expert users. Users can easily select servers based on their needs, whether priority is speed or geographic location.
- Consistent Performance: NordVPN’s infrastructure supports a stable, high-speed connection, minimizing latency and ensuring reliable internet access for various activities like streaming or gaming.
These elements combined illustrate why NordVPN remains a popular choice for individuals prioritizing online privacy and security.
Final Thoughts on NordVPN
In the digital age, where cyber threats are prevalent, choosing the right VPN is crucial. NordVPN stands out in the crowded market with its comprehensive approach to security and user experience. Its extensive server network and feature-rich platform empower users to navigate the internet confidently and securely. For those concerned about their online footprint, the potential benefits of NordVPN cannot be understated.
Ultimately, utilizing this VPN can mark a significant step toward safer online practices. Evaluating the aspects discussed in this article facilitates a deeper understanding of how a VPN service augments internet safety. By choosing NordVPN, users not only protect their data but also enhance their overall online experience, making informed and strategic choices paramount in today's digital landscape.
"A reliable VPN should not only protect your privacy but also offer an enhanced internet experience. NordVPN excels in both areas."
